Using scanf and while loop with vector pushback. Ask Question Asked 5 years, 2 months ago. If you're programming C, why are you using printf and scanf? Star developer didn’t get a promotion because he isn’t a people person, so he has scaled back his contributions. C/C for Visual Studio Code (Preview) C/C support for Visual Studio Code is provided by a Microsoft C/C extension to enable cross-platform C and C development on Windows, Linux, and macOS. Getting started C/C compiler and debugger. The C/C extension does not include a C compiler or debugger.
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Arrays allow to define type of variables that can hold several data items of the same kind. Similarly structure is another user defined data type available in C that allows to combine data items of different kinds.
Structures are used to represent a record. Suppose you want to keep track of your books in a library. You might want to track the following attributes about each book −
- Title
- Author
- Subject
- Book ID
Defining a Structure
To define a structure, you must use the struct statement. The struct statement defines a new data type, with more than one member. The format of the struct statement is as follows −
The structure tag is optional and each member definition is a normal variable definition, such as int i; or float f; or any other valid variable definition. At the end of the structure's definition, before the final semicolon, you can specify one or more structure variables but it is optional. Here is the way you would declare the Book structure −
Accessing Structure Members
To access any member of a structure, we use the member access operator (.). The member access operator is coded as a period between the structure variable name and the structure member that we wish to access. You would use the keyword struct to define variables of structure type. The following example shows how to use a structure in a program −
When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result −
Structures as Function Arguments
You can pass a structure as a function argument in the same way as you pass any other variable or pointer.
When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result −
Pointers to Structures
You can define pointers to structures in the same way as you define pointer to any other variable −
Now, you can store the address of a structure variable in the above defined pointer variable. To find the address of a structure variable, place the '&'; operator before the structure's name as follows −
To access the members of a structure using a pointer to that structure, you must use the → operator as follows −
Let us re-write the above example using structure pointer.
When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result −
Bit Fields
Bit Fields allow the packing of data in a structure. This is especially useful when memory or data storage is at a premium. Typical examples include −
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Packing several objects into a machine word. e.g. 1 bit flags can be compacted.
Reading external file formats -- non-standard file formats could be read in, e.g., 9-bit integers.
C allows us to do this in a structure definition by putting :bit length after the variable. For example −
Here, the packed_struct contains 6 members: Four 1 bit flags f1.f3, a 4-bit type and a 9-bit my_int.
C automatically packs the above bit fields as compactly as possible, provided that the maximum length of the field is less than or equal to the integer word length of the computer. If this is not the case, then some compilers may allow memory overlap for the fields while others would store the next field in the next word.
C/C++ support for Visual Studio Code is provided by a Microsoft C/C++ extension to enable cross-platform C and C++ development on Windows, Linux, and macOS.
Getting started
C/C++ compiler and debugger
The C/C++ extension does not include a C++ compiler or debugger. You will need to install these tools or use those already installed on your computer.
Popular C++ compilers are:
- GCC on Linux
- GCC via Mingw-w64 on Windows
- Microsoft C++ compiler on Windows
- Clang for XCode on macOS
Scanf Not Reading Input
Make sure your compiler executable is in your platform path so the extension can find it. You can check availability of your C++ tools by opening the Integrated Terminal (⌃` (Windows, Linux Ctrl+`)) in VS Code and try running the executable (for example g++ --help).
Install the Microsoft C/C++ extension
- Open VS Code.
- Click the Extensions view icon on the Sidebar (⇧⌘X (Windows, Linux Ctrl+Shift+X)).
- Search for
c++. - Click Install.
Hello World tutorials
Get started with C++ and VS Code with Hello World tutorials for your environment:
Documentation
You can find more documentation on using the Microsoft C/C++ extension under the C++ section, where you'll find topics on:
Remote Development
VS Code and the C++ extension support Remote Development allowing you to work over SSH on a remote machine or VM, inside a Docker container, or in the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL).
To install support for Remote Development:
- Install the VS Code Remote Development Extension Pack.
- If the remote source files are hosted in WSL, use the Remote - WSL extension.
- If you are connecting to a remote machine with SSH, use the Remote - SSH extension.
- If the remote source files are hosted in a container (for example, Docker), use the Remote - Containers extension.
Feedback
If you run into any issues or have suggestions for the Microsoft C/C++ extension, please file issues and suggestions on GitHub. If you haven't already provided feedback, please take this quick survey to help shape this extension for your needs.