How To Use String Data Type In Dev C++

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Arrays allow to define type of variables that can hold several data items of the same kind. Similarly structure is another user defined data type available in C that allows to combine data items of different kinds.

I am beginner in C, I am trying to write a function to return a string. I know that in C we don't have string data type. Instead of these I try to use an array of chars but It's not my solution.

Structures are used to represent a record. Suppose you want to keep track of your books in a library. You might want to track the following attributes about each book −

Title
Author
Subject
Book ID

C++ Using Strings

Defining a Structure

To define a structure, you must use the struct statement. The struct statement defines a new data type, with more than one member. The format of the struct statement is as follows −

The structure tag is optional and each member definition is a normal variable definition, such as int i; or float f; or any other valid variable definition. At the end of the structure's definition, before the final semicolon, you can specify one or more structure variables but it is optional. Here is the way you would declare the Book structure −

Accessing Structure Members

To access any member of a structure, we use the member access operator (.). The member access operator is coded as a period between the structure variable name and the structure member that we wish to access. You would use the keyword struct to define variables of structure type. The following example shows how to use a structure in a program −

When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result −

Structures as Function Arguments

You can pass a structure as a function argument in the same way as you pass any other variable or pointer.

When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result −

Pointers to Structures

You can define pointers to structures in the same way as you define pointer to any other variable −

Now, you can store the address of a structure variable in the above defined pointer variable. To find the address of a structure variable, place the '&'; operator before the structure's name as follows −

To access the members of a structure using a pointer to that structure, you must use the → operator as follows −

Let us re-write the above example using structure pointer.

String Data Type Examples

When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result −

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