PVS-Studio is a tool for detecting bugs and security weaknesses in the source code of programs, written in C, C, C# and Java. It works under 64-bit systems in Windows, Linux and macOS environments, and can analyze source code intended for. Strings are objects that represent sequences of characters. The standard string class provides support for such objects with an interface similar to that of a standard container of bytes, but adding features specifically designed to operate with strings of single-byte characters.
- C++ Basics
C++ String Class Example
- C++ Object Oriented
- C++ Advanced
- C++ Useful Resources
- Selected Reading
C++ provides following two types of string representations −
- The C-style character string.
- The string class type introduced with Standard C++.
The C-Style Character String
The C-style character string originated within the C language and continues to be supported within C++. This string is actually a one-dimensional array of characters which is terminated by a null character '0'. Thus a null-terminated string contains the characters that comprise the string followed by a null.
The following declaration and initialization create a string consisting of the word 'Hello'. To hold the null character at the end of the array, the size of the character array containing the string is one more than the number of characters in the word 'Hello.'
If you follow the rule of array initialization, then you can write the above statement as follows −
Following is the memory presentation of above defined string in C/C++ −
Actually, you do not place the null character at the end of a string constant. The C++ compiler automatically places the '0' at the end of the string when it initializes the array. Let us try to print above-mentioned string −
When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result −
C++ supports a wide range of functions that manipulate null-terminated strings −
| Sr.No | Function & Purpose |
|---|---|
| 1 | strcpy(s1, s2); Copies string s2 into string s1. |
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| 3 | strlen(s1); Returns the length of string s1. |
| 4 | strcmp(s1, s2); Returns 0 if s1 and s2 are the same; less than 0 if s1<s2; greater than 0 if s1>s2. |
| 5 | strchr(s1, ch); Returns a pointer to the first occurrence of character ch in string s1. |
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Following example makes use of few of the above-mentioned functions −
When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces result something as follows −
The String Class in C++
The standard C++ library provides a string class type that supports all the operations mentioned above, additionally much more functionality. Let us check the following example −
When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces result something as follows −
Overview
A custom string class that implements strings in the C/C++environment without NULL termination. It is a proper objectthat contains the string data and its length. Using these,both read and write methods are provided, as well asother expected string commands, such as upcasing, downcasing,or character indexing.
An improvement for this exercise would be to incorporate morestring methods, such as those exemplified in the Python stringclass: https://docs.python.org/3/library/string.html
This project does not attempt to provide an improvementover C strings or the C++ string library. This is purely forpedagogical purposes.
This is an update to my CISP 430 Data Structures classassignment from American River College taught by the greatDavid Fox.
Constructors
Informational Methods
Case Methods
Stream Operators
Accessor Operators
Assignment Operators
String Concatenation
Logical Operators
All argument permutations in concatenation are repeated here, also.